| [ Summary ] |
Diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and hypertension, which are involved in metabolic syndrome, are major risk factors for progression of atherosclerosis. Recent investigations have demonstrated that these metabolic diseases play important roles in the regulation of bone metabolism. These metabolic diseases may be crucial factors in the relationship between bone metabolism and atherosclerosis. Hip fracture risk is greater with both type 1 diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus, whereas bone mineral density (BMD) is decreased or increased in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, respectively. Bone fragility in diabetes mellitus may be explained primarily through deterioration of bone quality. High levels of plasma LDL cholesterol is also a risk factor for reduced BMD in Asian populations. Although it remains unclear whether hypertension is one of the risk factors for fractures, several antihypertensive drugs affect bone metabolism. It is important that patients with metabolic disease are assessed for the coexistence of osteoporosis. |