| [ Summary ] |
The morbidities associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and fractures increase with aging, but the incidence of fracture in patients with CKD is unclear. The risk of fracture (e.g., hip and vertebral fractures) is increased in patients with CKD. In particular, hip fracture is related to mortality in these patients. Therefore, intervention to prevent fractures is important. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was previously considered not useful for evaluating fracture risk. However, a meta-analysis conducted in 2007 on patients undergoing hemodialysis revealed that low vertebral and radial bone densities are related to fracture. A meta-analysis conducted in 2015 on patients with grade 3–5 CKD revealed that the femoral bone, vertebral, and distal end or radial bone densities are related to fractures. To increase bone density, some medicines can be used, but their adverse effects should be considered. |