| Theme | Strategies of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Especially at Stages 4 and 5 | |
|---|---|---|
| Title | Guide for supplementation of trace elements in end stage kidney disease patients | |
| Publish Date | 2009/12 | |
| Author | Nagayuki Kaneshiro | Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine |
| Author | Yugo Shibagaki | Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine |
| [ Summary ] | Trace elements are important components of various vital enzymes, and thus are essential in humans. Most of these are excreted in the urine so they tend to be in excess in patients with end stage kidney disease (ESKD). On the other hand, some trace elements can be deficient due to reductions in oral intake because of uremia or dietary restrictions. We suggest a guideline for supplementation of trace elements（iron, zinc, selenium, and manganese）which can be deficient in ESKD patients. | |