| [ Summary ] |
In Northern Europe as compared to Japan, the prevalence of end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on renal replacement therapy (dialysis / renal transplantation) per million population is low, and the average age is young. The causes of ESRD are glomerulonephritis, diabetes, polycystic kidney disease, pyelonephritis and hypertension. Type 1 diabetes is more common than type 2 diabetes. In Northern Europe, the ratios of patients receiving renal transplants compared to those on dialysis, the ratios of patients on peritoneal dialysis to those on hemodialysis, and the ratios of patients on home dialysis to those on hospital / center are all high as compared to Japan. In Northern Europe, the incidence of ESRD patients on renal replacement therapy per million population is low compared to Japan. Diabetes is the most common cause of ESRD. Hemodialysis patients are dialyzed for 4 to 5 hours three times a week. Dialysis membranes are not reused. |