| Theme | How To Use Monitoring Machines | |
|---|---|---|
| Title | Thermal monitor, electrical conductivity monitor | |
| Publish Date | 2002/09 | |
| Author | Keiichiro Sakashita | Clinical Engineering Technologist, Masuko Memorial Hospital |
| [ Summary ] | The monitoring of temperature and electrical conductivity are indispensable to the safety and comfort of those undergoing hemodialysis therapy. Thermistors and platinum resistance thermometers are used as temperature sensors. Two temperature sensors used for the control of dialysate temperature and the display/watch of one are incorporated into the console. Dialysate temperature is generally controlled in the 33 - 40 Cel. range. When the temperature sensor detects temperature over 41 Cel. in the dialysate, heater operation and the supply of dialysate are stopped, in order to prevent hemolysis. Attention to these conditions is necessary because the wiring in the temperature sensor is in danger, of being broken, due to thin lead lines which may be damaged during maintenance work. In cases which monitoring of electrical conductivity is used to continuously monitor dialysate concentrations, the circulation type and the three pole method are used. The electrical conductivity of normal dialysate is 13.5 - 14.0mS/cm. When the electrical conductivity exceeds 16.0mS/cm, there is danger of hypernatremia or/and hypertension. At rates of less than 13.0mS/cm, it is easy for hyponatremia or/and hypotension to occur. At rates below 8.0mS/cm, hemolysis may occur. When electrical conductivity falls outside the normal range, the dialysate supply to the dialyzer is stopped. Because of changes in resistance, due to contaminates, the electrode of the electrical conductivity sensor needs to be calibrated and washed regularly. |
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