| Theme | Colorectal cancer screening and surveillance -- Prospects towards standardization from new findings | |
|---|---|---|
| Title | Colorectal cancer screening using novel biomarkers -- recent progress and future directions | |
| Publish Date | 2021/05 | |
| Author | Hiroyuki Takamaru | Endoscopy Division, National Cancer Center Hospital |
| Author | Yasuo Kakugawa | Endoscopy Division, National Cancer Center Hospital / Cancer Screening Center, National Cancer Center Hospital |
| Author | Masau Sekiguchi | Endoscopy Division, National Cancer Center Hospital / Cancer Screening Center, National Cancer Center Hospital |
| Author | Masayoshi Yamada | Endoscopy Division, National Cancer Center Hospital |
| Author | Taku Sakamoto | Endoscopy Division, National Cancer Center Hospital |
| Author | Yutaka Saito | Endoscopy Division, National Cancer Center Hospital |
| Author | Takahisa Matsuda | Endoscopy Division, National Cancer Center Hospital / Cancer Screening Center, National Cancer Center Hospital |
| [ Summary ] | The progress of molecular biology has enabled us to develop novel biomarkers for cancer detection, diagnosis, and treatments. FIT has emerged as an inexpensive and non-invasive examination modality in screening for colorectal cancer. This is supported by several lines of evidence, highlighting the importance of gaining insights into the application of novel biomarkers in clinical practice. In this context, multitarget stool DNA testing (MT-sDNA) has been recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). There exist more reports of blood-based biomarker tests for prognosis and recurrence prediction, compared to those designed for early detection, on account of their mechanism of release into the bloodstream. The future application of gut microbiota, circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), and microRNA (miRNA) as biomarkers appears promising, despite the lack of any clear evidence at present. Many issues remain to be resolved for novel biomarkers, including the modalities and platforms to be used and the identification of specific populations that should be targeted for cancer screening. | |