| Theme | Molecular biology of colorectal tumors | |
|---|---|---|
| Title | Molecular characteristics of colorectal neoplasms | |
| Publish Date | 2018/09 | |
| Author | Koshi Mimori | Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital |
| Author | Yuta Kouyama | Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital / Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital |
| [ Summary ] | The report "Multistep carcinogenesis" by Vogelstein et al is still the prevailing study on molecular characterization of colorectal tumors. Recently, implementation of large-scale molecular analysis using next generation sequencer approaches such as "The Cancer Genome Atlas Network (TCGA)" and "Consensus Molecular Subtypes (CMS)", have been reported on. In TCGA, colorectal cancers (CRC) were divided into two groups by the number of mutations: hypermutated tumours and non-hyper mutated tumours. CMS was used to classify CRC into four subtypes. Prognoses are analyzed in relation to these subgroups. To analyze the evolution of CRC, we conducted a multiregional analysis. We clarified extensive intratumor heterogeneity and branched evolution is observed in CRC, from which we inferred the evolutionary history of tumors. Simulation of cancer evolution suggests that after clonally shared alterations are accumulated due to aging, numerous subclones are generated by neutral evolution. In this article, we describe the molecular characteristics of colorectal neoplasms and outline the evolution process of colorectal cancer. |
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