| Theme | Diagnosis and Treatment of Lower Gastrointestinal Tract Submucosal Tumors | |
|---|---|---|
| Title | Diagnosis and Strategies for Treatment of Neuroendocrine Tumors (Carcinoid Tumors) of the Rectum | |
| Publish Date | 2012/07 | |
| Author | Akiko Chino | Division of Gastroenterology, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research Cancer Institute Ariake Hospital |
| Author | Masahiro Igarashi | Division of Gastroenterology, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research Cancer Institute Ariake Hospital |
| Author | Teruhito Kishihara | Division of Gastroenterology, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research Cancer Institute Ariake Hospital |
| Author | Naoyuki Uragami | Division of Gastroenterology, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research Cancer Institute Ariake Hospital |
| Author | Yoshiro Tamegai | Division of Gastroenterology, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research Cancer Institute Ariake Hospital |
| Author | Yoshiya Fujimoto | Digestive Surgery, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research Cancer Institute Ariake Hospital |
| Author | Masashi Ueno | Digestive Surgery, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research Cancer Institute Ariake Hospital |
| [ Summary ] | There are a lot of examinations concerned with the biological characteristics of rectal carcinoid tumors. The results of these examinations were reflected in the pathological evaluation of the WHO classification in 2010. The classical carcinoid was made the neuroendocrine tumor (NET). It can be greatly distinguished from neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC) due to the type of differentiation about tissue. Adding to grading into NET was decided by indication nuclear fission and Ki-67 index of lesions. It has been agreed that important risk factors for metastasis are the size over 10 mm, or the infiltration diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) into the muscle layer. It is important that after the first treatment histopathology, not only the proliferation potency but also lymph node vascular invasion be determined. On the other hand the report of carcinoid tumors (NET) smaller than 10 mm with metastasis into the lymph nodes or liver were found here and there. Further examinations help determine the most suitable treatment strategies for carcinoid (NET) origin biological property risk factor recognition and a follow up method with the necessity. |
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