| Theme | Abdominal Pain in Children : Current Clinical Management | |
|---|---|---|
| Title | Diagnostic and Therapeutic Endoscopy of Gastrointestinal Tract in Children | |
| Publish Date | 2005/06 | |
| Author | Shun-ichi Maisawa | Pediatric Division, Morioka Children's Hospital |
| Author | Yoshihiro Inoue | Department of Critical Care Medicine, Iwate Medical University |
| Author | Hideki Kumagai | Department of Pediatrics, Iwate Medical University |
| Author | Seiki Kanehama | Pediatric Division, Morioka Children's Hospital |
| Author | Mineo Konishi | Pediatric Division, Morioka Children's Hospital |
| [ Summary ] | Particular consideration should be paid to pediatric endoscopy, in terms of choice of endoscopes to correspond to pediatric physical size, method of sedation and anesthesia, and knowledge of pediatric diseases. Medical staff members including the anesthetist, the endoscopist, the patient care nurse and the endoscopic technologist are needed for the performance of pediatric endoscopy. The following diseases can be enumerated as defined in children : (1) esophageal varices caused by extrahepatic portal occlusion, (2) nodular gastritis due to Helicobacter pylori infection, (3) Henoch-Schönlein purpura, (4) duodenitis due to food allergies, (5) juvenile polyps, (6) allergic proctitis, and (7) nodular lymphoid hyperplasia. Differences between gastrointestinal diseases in children and adults are pointed out concerning pediatric cancer in the gastrointestinal tract which is extremely rare. Pediatric diseases are usually genetic, inflammatory and immune disease. For these reasons, mucosal biopsies are important for confirmation of diagnosis. The method of endoscopic treatment for pediatric patients is almost the same as for adults. However, the endoscopist should be cautious of the thin wall of the gastrointestinal tract, injection volume of therapeutic agents, and infusion volume of air during treatment. |
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