| [ Summary ] |
Endoscopic and laparoscopic surgery are characterized by the use of highly specialized instruments, such as optical systems, insufflation devices, trocars, and many laparoscopic surgical tools. These products are manufactured industrially and are quite different from the instruments used for conventional open surgery. Thus, we laparoscopic surgeons must deepen our understanding of their structures and read the relevant instruction manuals carefully. Furthermore, we should prepare for the challenges encountered when these instruments do not function properly. |