| Theme |
Parathyroid diseases and their pathogenesis |
| Title |
Parathyroid development and evolution |
| Author |
Masahide Mizobuchi |
Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine |
| Author |
Misa Ikeda |
Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine |
| [ Summary ] |
The parathyroid glands are the main source of parathyroid hormone (PTH), a hormone which is a primary regulator of calcium and phosphate metabolism. The parathyroid glands develop during embryogenesis from the pharyngeal pouches with contributions from endodermal and neural crest cells. Some transcription factors have been attributed to the formation, migration and differentiation of the parathyroid gland anlage. In studies done in genetically manipulated mice it has been demonstrated that Hoxa3, Pax1, Pax9, and Gcm2 are essential for parathyroid development. |