| Theme |
Regulation, disease states and drug targets of kidney tubular transporters -- Topics |
| Title |
Renal glucose reabsorption in diabetes mellitus |
| Author |
Masayuki Suzuki |
Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. |
| Author |
Masanori Fukazawa |
Research Division, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. |
| [ Summary ] |
In the proximal tubule of kidney, SGLT1 and SGLT2 expressed in the brush border membrane and GLUT1 and GLUT2 expressed in the vasolateral membrane contribute to renal glucose reabsorption (RGR). SGLT2 is a major determinant of RGR and the increased RGR that occurs when SGLT2 is upregulated due to hyperglycemia in diabetic patients may aggravate their glycemic conditions. In recent clinical studies, several SGLT2 inhibitors suppressed the excess RGR and improved hyperglycemia in type II diabetic patients, after which SGLT2 inhibitors came to be regarded as a promising new class of anti-diabetic agent. In this review, we introduce the role of the RGR system in the pathophysiology of diabetic patients and the results of recent preclinical and clinical studies on SGLT2 inhibitors. |