Theme |
New evolution of vitamin D |
Title |
Vitamin D analogs for secondary hyperparathyroidism treatment |
Author |
Masahide Mizobuchi |
Department of Nephrology, Showa University School of Medicine |
Author |
Taihei Suzuki |
Department of Nephrology, Showa University School of Medicine |
Author |
Tadao Akizawa |
Department of Nephrology, Showa University School of Medicine |
[ Summary ] |
The classical pathogenesis of secondary hyperparathyroidism is a decrease in serum calcium levels due to hyperphosphatemia and reduced active vitamin D. As secondary hyperparathyroidism progresses, the expression of parathyroid calcium-sensing and vitamin D receptors decrease. Recently, fibroblast growth factor-23 has been shown to play roles in the pathogenesis of secondary hyperparathyroidism. Calcitriol (active vitamin D3), which activates parathyroid vitamin D receptors and suppresses parathyroid hormone, has been restricted to its clinical application for secondary hyperparathyroidism because of calcemic action. Therefore, vitamin D analogs which are less calcemic and phosphatemic are becoming standards of treatment for secondary hyperparathyroidism. Currently, maxacalcitol, falecalcitriol, paricalcitol, and doxercalciferol are applied in clinical settings. |