| Theme |
Bone tissue regeneration |
| Title |
Utilization of porous β-tricalcium phosphate and bone marrow stromal cell hybrids for bone regeneration |
| Author |
Shinichi Sotome |
Orthopaedic and Spinal Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University |
| Author |
Ichiro Torigoe |
Orthopaedic and Spinal Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University |
| Author |
Toshitaka Yoshii |
Orthopaedic and Spinal Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University |
| Author |
Nobutaka Tajima |
Orthopaedic and Spinal Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University / Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University |
| Author |
Kenichi Shinomiya |
Orthopaedic and Spinal Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University / COE Program for Frontier Research on Molecular Destruction and Reconstruction of Tooth and Bone, Tokyo Medical and Dental University |
| [ Summary ] |
We have been developing bone tissue engineering techniques, using bone marrow stromal cells (MSC). Bone tissue engineering consists of four processes : harvesting bone marrow, culture of MSC, loading MSC into scaffolds and implantation surgery. In this report, we deal with bone marrow harvesting and cell loading processes. To obtain a sufficient number of active MSCs for bone tissue engineering, harvesting bone marrow containing more abundant sources of MSCs is important. Bone marrow aspirates from 20 donors were harvested, and then the colony forming abilities of the aspirates were evaluated. There was a diverse range of variations in the abilities of each bone marrow sample. It was seen that most MSCs were contained in the initial bone marrow aspirates. To use MSCs efficiently, we devised a novel cell loading method, using porous scaffolds, with low-pressure penetration. The procedure is as follows : cell suspension is instilled in a vacuum chamber where scaffolds are placed, and then the low-pressure is released after the suspension has penetrated into the scaffolds. The efficiency of cell introduction by this method was three times higher than the conventional simple penetration method. The usefulness of blood plasma as a cell suspension vehicle was also tested. Cultured MSCs were suspended in plasma and introduced into porous β-TCP blocks. They were then implanted into monkey back muscle. The implants were harvested at 5 weeks after surgery, and bone formation was quantified. Compared to the control, into which the MCSs were introduced with a culture medium, the implants with a plasma vehicle showed ten times the bone formation volume per cell. |