| Theme |
Designated intractable kidney diseases：The control in non-dialysis CKD and renal replacement therapy |
| Title |
Severe cardiac dysfunction |
| Author |
Nobuhiko Joki |
Department of Nephrology, Ohashi Medical Center, Toho University |
| Author |
Masaki Iwasaki |
Department of Nephrology, Ohashi Medical Center, Toho University |
| [ Summary ] |
The state of end-stage kidney disease includes many factors having unfavorable effects on cardiac function in CKD patients. For instance, anemia, volume overload with uncontrollable hypertension and planned creation of arteriovenous fistula play crucial roles concerning the heart through increasing pre-loading and post-loading. It is not uncommon to see CKD patients with severe cardiac dysfunction. However it is remains unclear how we can manage those patients. This review is focused on the management of CKD patients with severe cardiac dysfunction in the course of CKD development. |