臨牀透析 Vol.31 No.11(3)


特集名 透析患者とその家族で取り組む合併症予防
題名 認知症予防
発刊年月 2015年 10月
著者 浦上 克哉 鳥取大学医学部保健学科生体制御学
【 要旨 】 認知症予防には,第一次予防:認知症の発症予防,第二次予防:認知症の早期発見・早期治療,第三次予防:認知症の病気の進展防止の3段階がある.
認知症の第一次予防は,つい最近まで不可能と思われていたが,近年の科学的エビデンスから可能性が示されてきた.認知症の人が462万人,軽度認知障害の人が400万人という日本の状況からは,第一次~第三次までの認知症予防対策を徹底的に行っていくことが急務と考えられる.認知症検診を行い,軽度認知障害を早期に見つけ認知症予防教室を勧め認知症への進展を防止する(第一次予防),軽度の認知症を見つけたら専門医療機関へ紹介し早期診断・早期治療に結びつける(第二次予防).認知症への適切な薬物治療とケアにより進行防止をはかる(第三次予防).
Theme Approach for preventing dialysis-related complications in dialysis patients and their family
Title Prevention of dementia
Author Katsuya Urakami Department of Biological Regulation, School of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University
[ Summary ] Dementia prevention consists of three steps. The first step includes prevention of normal and mild cognitive impairment to. Secondary prevention involves early detection and early treatment of dementia. Tertiary treatment consists of monitoring progression as well as prevention of symptoms. Primary prevention of dementia had been considered impossible until recently. However, scientific evidence has recently shown the possibility of new treatments. 4.62 million people have dementia and 400 million people have mild cognitive impairment. These individuals are considered to be in urgent need. We must implement dementia prevention measures ranging from primary to tertiary prevention. We perform dementia screening using touch screen type computers. We also recommend people with mild cognitive impairment attend dementia prevention training. As a result, we can minimize progression from mild cognitive impairment to dementia (primary prevention). Early diagnosis may be introduced at specialized medical institutions to determine early stage dementia and provide early treatment (secondary prevention). Preventing progression of this condition with appropriate drug treatment and specialized care for dementia (tertiary prevention) is required.
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