臨牀透析 Vol.29 No.3(2)


特集名 高齢透析患者に対する在宅支援のあり方 ― 看護と介護
題名 高齢透析患者に対する在宅透析の現状と課題
発刊年月 2013年 03月
著者 斎藤 明 東海大学医学部腎・内分泌・代謝内科
【 要旨 】 高齢透析患者の支援体制の整備が遅れており,自立不能者予備軍に対するリハビリテーション(リハビリ)整備とともに,自立不能透析患者の支援法の確立が急務である.わが国では透析導入年齢が高いことや長期生存可能なことが自立不能患者の増加に繫がり,リハビリの遅れから,自立不能患者の増加抑止に至っていない.支援の遅れは,社会的入院の増加などをきたし,真に入院を要する患者の治療にも問題を生じる.そのなかで,患者の社会復帰の支援システムであった在宅血液透析を自立不能者支援に用いる試みもある.住宅型有料老人ホームにおける在宅透析は,自立不能な透析患者の支援策になりうるが,医療の質が担保されることが前提である.
Theme Role of home support for elderly dialysis patients -- nursing and care giving
Title Current status and issues of home dialysis for elderly patients
Author Akira Saito Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokai University School of Medicine
[ Summary ] Development of support systems for dialysis patients who are unable to adequately conduct treatment procedures themselves is a matter of great urgency for the Japanese medical community. The high and increasing number of elderly patients receiving dialysis has not yet been adequately addressed in Japan. This has resulted in a strain on the national health care system, including a shortage of beds for critically ill patients. Home hemodialysis (HHD) has recently been implemented for treatment of elderly patients who are unable to conduct these procedures themselves. This is in spite of the fact that HHD was originally designed to promote rehabilitation of dialysis patients. Provision of these services in elderly care facilities as well as in patient's homes may make them more widely available, while lowering costs to the national health care system. However, care must be taken to maintain high levels of care for dialysis patients when implementing these suggested changes in treatment.
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