| 特集名 | 透析患者の歯科領域疾患 | |
|---|---|---|
| 題名 | 透析と味覚障害 | |
| 発刊年月 | 2011年 06月 | |
| 著者 | 田部井 薫 | 自治医科大学附属さいたま医療センター腎臓科 |
| 【 要旨 】 | 透析患者では味覚異常を有する患者は70％程度ときわめて多い．しかし，日常臨床では味覚が配慮されることはほとんどない．味覚検査を行い，味覚異常の存在を意識した食事療法が考慮される必要がある．味覚異常の原因として亜鉛欠乏が考えられていたが，近年否定的となった．多くは，透析不足，内服薬の副作用，神経障害などが原因と考えられる． 対策としては，血流量の確保，ダイアライザの適切な選択，十分な透析時間などによる透析不足の解消が勧められる．次に内服薬を検討して味覚異常の副作用が少ないと思われる薬剤に変更する．さらに口腔ケアを検討する必要がある． |
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| Theme | Oral Diseases and Oral Care in Dialysis Patients | |
|---|---|---|
| Title | Taste disturbance in hemodialysis patients | |
| Author | Kaoru Tabei | Division of Nephrology, First Integrated Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University |
| [ Summary ] | Taste disorders (dysgeusia) are frequently encountered in hemodialysis patients. The frequency is thought to be about 70 %. To provide appropriate diet therapy for hemodialysis patients, taste tests should be considered. These taste disturbances were thought to be due to zinc deficiencies since the 1980s. However, many recent studies deny this is so. The cause of dysgeusia has not been clarified, however, inappropriate hemodialysis, adverse effects from drugs, as well as neurological disorders are known to lead to taste disorders in hemodialysis patients. In cases involving taste disturbances, improvements in dialysis efficacy, such as increased blood flow, the use of larger dialyzers, and longer dialysis sessions is recommended. Changing to more appropriate drugs to reduce adverse side effects, which may lead to dysgeusia as well as oral care are also recommended. |
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