臨牀透析 Vol.26 No.2(3)


特集名 血液透析方法を再考する
題名 [総論]頻回短時間透析の現状と問題点
発刊年月 2010年 02月
著者 坂井 瑠実 芦屋坂井瑠実クリニック
著者 喜田 智幸 坂井瑠実クリニック
著者 喜田 亜矢 坂井瑠実クリニック
著者 古薗 勉 国立循環器病センター研究所・先進医工学センター生体工学部・臨床工学技士
【 要旨 】 当院では在宅血液透析(HHD)患者13名のうち5名が頻回短時間透析(SDHD)を行っている.SDHDは,より生理的な透析方法であり,QOLの高い,快適な日常生活を送るための優れた透析方法である.しかし施設でSDHDを行うのは難しく,HHDでのみ実現可能であろう.SDHDは赤血球造血刺激因子(ESA)製剤や降圧薬などの使用量の低下が期待され,その結果として医療費節減に寄与できる.メーカーのサポートが得られる装置加算,臨床工学技士による透析機器の保守点検業務の加算,患者の自己負担への公的支援は早急の課題である.透析液をはじめとする必要物品の配送,医療廃棄物の回収も問題である.SDHD患者がさらに望むことは,準備,回収,洗浄消毒が自動化されている,小型で安全な透析装置の創出である.
Theme Re-consideration for the Modification of Hemodialysis Therapy
Title Current status and problems with short daily hemodialysis (SDHD)
Author Rumi Sakai Department of Nephrology, Ashiya Sakai Rumi Clinic
Author Tomoyuki Kita Department of Nephrology, Sakai Rumi Clinic
Author Aya Kita Department of Nephrology, Sakai Rumi Clinic
Author Tsutomu Furuzono National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute
[ Summary ] Five patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in a group of thirteen home hemodialysis (HHD)patients were treated with short daily hemodialysis(SDHD)in our clinic. SDHD has been reported to be safer and more efficient than conventional hemodialysis (4 hr*3 days/week) in the USA and Europe. However, it is difficult to carry out SDHD at clinics because the target patient group consists of many types of outpatients. Therefore, this treatment is limited to HHD patients. SDHD is effective at controlling blood pressure, anemia, nutritional conditions and to provide better QOL. The need for ESA and antihypertensive drugs are, thus, reduced or not required. Consequently, medical costs can be reduced. However, there are some problems to be solved, in terms of technical, financial and other aspects. Problems to be solved include delivery of necessary supplies such as dialysates and saline solutions, as well as how to dispose of dialysis waste. In addition, the most important factor in order to carry out SDHD is the development of an ideal device which could carry out dialysis procedures automatically, and is also compact and safe.
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