臨牀透析 Vol.24 No.3(4-4)


特集名 透析医療と看護必要度 -- その意義と活用の可能性
題名 現状に即した看護要員の能力開発の方向性 (4) 透析クリニックにおける透析療法指導看護師の育成と活用
発刊年月 2008年 03月
著者 江崎 眞知子 金山クリニック・看護師
【 要旨 】 患者の高齢化,長期化,糖尿病性腎症の増加などにより,治療や看護の必要度は年々高くなっている.このような状況に対応するためには,看護師のコア要員として,専門性の高い知識・技術を基盤にし,患者の透析生活を支援しQOLの向上に働きかけができる,透析療法指導看護師の育成と活用が重要である.育成には,(1) クリニカルラダーの活用,(2) 目標管理のなかでの動機づけ,(3) 資格取得援助制度,が効果的である.活動の実際は,(1) 質の高い透析看護の実践,(2) 継続教育・指導,(3) 看護研究・執筆活動,(4) チーム内の調整,(5) 学会・セミナーへの積極的な参加,などである.今後は,活動の評価を得るためにも,腎不全看護に特定した看護診断における援助技術の開発,特化した専門技術など診療報酬の裏づけとなりうるような研究が課題となる.また,透析看護の質を保証するためには,透析療法指導看護師の配置基準も必要と考える.
Theme Dialysis Treatment and Nursing Care Needs -- Significance and Potential Utilization
Title Directions for skills development in dialysis clinics (Training of dialysis leading nurses)
Author Machiko Ezaki Department of Nursing, Kanayama Clinic
[ Summary ] With the increase in older, more long term diabetic nephropathy patients, the need for both treatment and nurses increases each year. To deal with this situation, it is important to train and make use of nurses who can supervise dialysis treatment. As core nursing personnel, these nurses must have a high level of knowledge and skill in this specialty as a foundation, plus the ability to support the daily lives of patients in relation to dialysis, especially their QOL.
Effective training will include (1) use of a clinical ladder, (2) motivation through management by objective, and (3) a system to aid the acquisition of qualifications. Actual activities of dialysis supervisory nurses are (1) providing quality dialysis care, (2) continuing patient education and guidance, (3) nursing research and writing, (4) coordination within the team, and (5) active participation in academic meetings and seminars. Future issues for the evaluation of activities are the development of support skills in nursing, diagnosis specific to renal failure care, and studies such as those on specific professional skills that can provide support for remuneration of medical services. To ensure the quality of dialysis care, it will also be necessary to consider placement critena for dialysis lead nurses.
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