臨牀透析 Vol.16 No.1(3-2)


特集名 腎不全患者の血液浄化療法の選択
題名 日常遭遇する病態と血液浄化療法の選択 (2) 代謝性疾患
発刊年月 2000年 01月
著者 浪江 智 佐世保市立総合病院内科
【 要旨 】 糖尿病など代謝性疾患による腎不全患者は腎臓のみでなく,全身の臓器障害を合併する.糖尿病患者は腎症のほかに網膜症,神経障害や動脈硬化性疾患を合併しており,透析導入後の予後は慢性糸球体腎炎に比べ不良である.血液浄化療法としては血液透析(HD)とCAPDが一般的であるが,HDでは除水による低血圧のために血液濾過透析やECUMの併用が必要な患者も多い.糖尿病性腎不全の死因としては,心不全、脳血管障害が多く,これらの合併症の予防と治療が予後の改善に重要である.その他の代謝性疾患(アミロイドーシス,グリコーゲン病,オキサローシス)においても,腎外合併症を伴っており,治療困難な症例が多く予後不良であるが,治療法の進歩により改善が見られる疾患もある.今後,さらに代謝性疾患による腎不全患者の予後の改善およびQOLの改善のために血液浄化療法の進歩が期待される.
Theme The Choice of Blood Purification for the Patients with Renal Failure
Title Dialysis for metabolic disease
Author Satoru Namie Department of Internal Medicine, Sasebo General Hospital
[ Summary ] End-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients due to metabolic disesae, such as diabetes mellitus, extra-renal disorder complications. It is known that the extra-renal complications of diabetes mellitus are retinopathy, neuropathy and atherosclerotic diseases. The prognosis for dialysis patients with diabetes is worse than that for those having chronic glomerulonephritis. Hemodialiysis and CAPD are common therapies for diabetic patients, and hemodiafiltration or the combination of HD and ECUM are used because of hypotension, due to ultrafiltration, in some patients. Heart failure and cerebrovascular disease are major causes of death in diabetic patients undergoing maintenance dialysis. The prevention of and therapy for these complications is important to produce a better prognosis for these patients. Patients with metabolic diseases, such as amyloidosis, glycogen storage disease or primary hyperoxaluria, have complications associated with extra-renal disorders. It is diffcult to maintain good metabolic condition in these dialvsis patients, and their prognosis is poor because of exta-renal complications. We hope that new methods or devices for dialysis will be developed and will improve the prognosis and quality of life for patients with metabolic diseases who are on dialysis.
戻る