| [ Summary ] |
A water purification system requires the making of purified water from a tap water, in order to supply an appropriate dialysate to the dialyzer. The basic make up of a water purification system for hemodialysis was summarized in this paper. A water purification system for the dialysate consists of 1) pre-filters, 2) an ion exchanger, 3) charcoal resin adsorbed and 4) a reverse osmosis device. It is used to remove suspended particles and 1), hard water components, such as Ca, Mg etc. 2), residual chlorides 3) and all other solutes in tap water 4). Reverse osmosis (RO) membranes have two different layers, a skin layer which controls water permeability and the solute rejection characteristics of the membrane and a support layer to maintain the intensity of the membrane. Spiral type RO modules of are commonly used dialysate water purification systems because of their reasonable cost and their low concentration polarization of the rejected solutes. Water purification systems should be routinely maintained in order to supply an appropriate dialysate. |