| Theme |
Functional and Organic Changes of Brain Observed in Dialysis Patients |
| Title |
Neurosonography |
| Author |
Reiko Kagawa |
Department of Neurosurgery, Shimane Medical University |
| Author |
Kouzo Moritake |
Department of Neurosurgery, Shimane Medical University |
| [ Summary ] |
B mode ultrasonography (B mode) is used for infant brain imaging. Furthermore, recently, B mode has been used for intraoperative monitoring of intracranial lesions such as intracerebral hemorrhages, brain tumors and brain abscesses. B mode is also used to detect carotid lesions. Calcified lesions appear hyperechoic while fibrous lesions are isoechoic or slightly hyperechoic. Intraplaque hemorrhage and lipid lesions appear hypoechoic on B mode. These hypoechoic lesions require careful observation to avoid false negative results. Color Doppler ultrasonography (color Doppler) can detect morphological and blood circulation changes involving arteries and is capable of differentiating severe carotid stenosis from carotid occlusion. The use of transcranial color flow imaging (TCCFI) has facilitated discrimination of intracranial arteries and is superior to previously applied techniques. |