| Theme |
Reconsideration of Gastritis |
| Title |
Classification of Gastritis and Chronic Gastritis |
| Author |
Tomoari Kamada |
Department of Health Care Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School |
| Author |
Naoki Sumi |
Department of Health Care Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School |
| Author |
Kazuhiko Inoue |
Junpukai Health Care Center, Junpukai |
| Author |
Noriaki Manabe |
Division of Endoscopy and Ultrasonography, Department of Clinical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine |
| Author |
Toshihiro Takao |
Department of Health Care Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School |
| Author |
Ken Haruma |
Department of General Internal Medicine 2, Kawasaki Medical School |
| [ Summary ] |
Endoscopic diagnosis of gastritis became possible following the introduction of Schindler's gastroscope in the 1920s. This has been the basis and has reached the present through the Japanese classification and the Sydney system. Helicobacter pylori infection is closed associated with gastric cancer, and endoscopic diagnosis of H. pylori infection is essential to determine the risk of gastric cancer. The Kyoto classification of gastritis includes 19 typical endoscopic findings based on a patient's H. pylori status, such as H. pylori‒uninfected, infected, and post‒infected. A regular arrangement of collecting venules is a typical endoscopic finding observed in H. pylori‒uninfected individuals. H. pylori‒infected patients typically show atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, nodularity, enlarged folds with diffuse redness and sticky mucus production, whereas patients with previous H. pylori infection present with map‒like redness and disappearance of diffuse redness. |