臨牀消化器内科 Vol.32 No.8(4-6)


特集名 胆膵EUSの進歩
題名 EUS—FNAによる治療(6)腹腔神経叢/神経節ブロック
発刊年月 2017年 07月
著者 三長 孝輔 近畿大学消化器内科
著者 北野 雅之 和歌山県立医科大学内科学第二講座
著者 宮田 剛 近畿大学消化器内科
著者 今井 元 近畿大学消化器内科
著者 竹中 完 近畿大学消化器内科
著者 工藤 正俊 近畿大学消化器内科
【 要旨 】 腹腔神経叢ブロック(CPN)は,腹腔神経叢に薬剤を注入し,腹部内臓由来の疼痛を緩和する治療法であり,2016年に改訂された「膵癌診療ガイドライン」においても,膵癌による上腹部痛に対して,神経ブロックを実施することが提案されている.超音波内視鏡ガイド下CPN(EUS‒CPN)は,リアルタイムに介在血管や臓器を避け針先をEUSで確認しながら穿刺を行い,エタノールなどの薬剤を注入する手技である.近年,神経節に直接薬剤を注入するEUSガイド下腹腔神経節ブロック(EUS‒CGN)や,上腸間膜動脈よりも下方まで針を進め薬剤を注入するEUSガイド下広範囲神経叢ブロック(EUS‒BPN)なども新たな手技として報告されており,癌性疼痛の有用な治療選択肢となりつつある.
Theme Progress in Endoscopic Ultrasonography for Biliopancreatic Diseases
Title EUS—guided Celiac Plexus Neurolysis/Celiac Ganglia Neurolysis
Author Kosuke Minaga Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine
Author Masayuki Kitano Second Department of Internal Medicine, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine
Author Takeshi Miyata Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine
Author Hajime Imai Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine
Author Mamoru Takenaka Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine
Author Masatoshi Kudo Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine
[ Summary ] Cancer pain, secondary to upper abdominal malignancies, is often difficult to control and poses a challenge to physicians. Non‒steroidal anti‒inflammatory drugs and opioids are recommended painkillers for severe cancer pain according to the World Health Organization cancer pain ladder ; however, these are not always effective and some patients develop drug complications. Celiac plexus neurolysis (CPN) consists of chemical ablation, and can be used as a treatment to help patients endure pain caused by abdominal malignancies. EUS‒guided CPN (EUS‒CPN) was first described in 1996 and is a currently widely applied to treat upper abdominal cancer‒associated pain. This technique is theoretically safer than posterior percutaneous CPN, as EUS provides detailed Doppler imaging of the blood vessels, particularly of those surrounding the gastrointestinal tract lumen. Recently, different EUS approaches such as EUS‒guided celiac ganglia neurolysis (EUS‒CGN) and EUS‒guided broad plexus neurolysis (EUS‒BPN) were developed to improve the efficacy of this technique. The potential and efficacy of these techniques have drawn attention and many articles regarding EUS‒guided neurolysis have been published over the last decade.
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