Theme |
More Comfortable Endoscopy -- Transnasal Endoscopy and Capsule Endoscopy |
Title |
Status of and Problems with Transnasal Endoscopy |
Author |
Takashi Kawai |
Endoscopy Center, Tokyo Medical University Hospital |
Author |
Mari Fukuzawa |
Endoscopy Center, Tokyo Medical University Hospital |
Author |
Yasutaka Hayama |
4th Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Hospital |
Author |
Masakatsu Fukuzawa |
4th Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Hospital |
Author |
Takushi Gotouda |
4th Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Hospital |
Author |
Fuminori Moriyasu |
4th Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Hospital |
[ Summary ] |
Transnasal esophagogastroduodeniscopy (TN-EGD) techniques have rapidly improved. However, there are several problems with endoscopic diagnosis using TN-EGD as compared to transoral EGD. In the pharyngeal region, observation is very easy because of a low incidence of gag reflex difficulties. On the other hand, differential diagnosis is difficult because it is impossible to use iodine staining or NBI-magnification. In the esophagus and the stomach, image enhanced endoscopy with iodine and indigocarmine dye-staining is very useful. Biopsies must be conducted when employing NBI magnification. |