| Theme |
Benign to Low-malignant Pancreatobiliary Lesionst |
| Title |
Gallbladder Hyperplasia and Adenoma ; Precancerous Lesions Associated with Gallbladder Carcinoma |
| Author |
Keiji Hanada |
Center for Gastroendoscopy, Onomichi General Hospital |
| Author |
Tomohiro Iiboshi |
Center for Gastroendoscopy, Onomichi General Hospital |
| Author |
Naomichi Hirano |
Center for Gastroendoscopy, Onomichi General Hospital |
| Author |
Toshikatsu Fukuda |
Department of Surgery, Onomichi General Hospital |
| Author |
Shuji Yonehara |
Department of Pathology, Onomichi General Hospital |
| [ Summary ] |
Gallbladder hyperplasia is often observed in cases with pancreaticobiliary maljunction (PBM) or pancreatobiliary reflux (PBR). The high incidence of K-ras mutations and increased cellular kinetics are observed in gallbladder hyperplasia with PBM or PBR. Therefore, gallbladder hyperplasia with PBM or PBR should be considered to be a high risk factor for gallbladder carcinoma. A characteristic image of gallbladder hyperplasia obtained with US or EUS is thickening in the inner layer of the gallbladder wall. Gallbladder adenoma is also considered to be a risk factor for polypoid type gallbladder carcinoma. Cases with gallbladder adenomas which are more than 10 mm in size should be treated surgically according to the present Japanese guidelines for biliary cancer. |