| Theme |
Advances in Diagnosis and Endoscopic Treatment for Pancreatic and Biliary Lesion |
| Title |
Treatments for Choledocal Stones |
| Author |
Hiroshi Kashida |
Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital |
| Author |
Fuyuhiko Yamamura |
Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital |
| Author |
Jun-ichi Ukegawa |
Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital |
| Author |
Yoshio Deguchi |
Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital |
| Author |
Hisashi Kasugai |
Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital |
| Author |
Jun-ichi Tanaka |
Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital |
| Author |
Shin-ei Kudo |
Digestive Disease Center, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital |
| [ Summary ] |
The treatments for choledocal stones are divided into the transpapillary and the percutaneous-transhepatic methods. Transpapillary treatment consists of endoscopic Sphincterotomy or endoscopic papillary balloon dilation, lithotripsy, and extraction of the stones. In this article treatment procedures and recent development of scopes and other devices is explained. Recent improvements in the devices have enabled easier and safer treatment. However, there is still a rather high risk of complications ; including hemorrhaging, pancreatitis, perforations, cholangitis, etc. Cautious and gentle maneuvers are most important. |